15復習正在如火如荼的進行中，考研專家建議可以按考研題型分別進行重點復習，是考研英語中分值最高的，在線小編特地整理了2023理解模擬試題供大家模擬練習，希望大家認真做題，錯題著重看解析及譯文，經過練習閱讀理解能力必能有所提高。 　　八、現代人對維多利亞時代的看法 　　One of the silliest things in our recent history was the use of Victorian as a term of contempt or abuse. It had been made fashionable by Lytton Strachey with his clever, superficial and ultimately empty book Eminent Victorians, in which he damned with faint praise such Victorian heroes as General Gordon and Florence Nightingale. Stracheys demolition job was clever because it ridiculed the Victorians for exactly those qualities on which they prided themselvestheir high mindedness, their marked moral intensity, their desire to improve the human condition and their confidence that they had done so. 　　Yet one saw, even before the 100th anniversary of the death of Queen Victoria this year, that there were signs these sneering attitudes were beginning to change. Programmes on radio and television about Victoria and the age that was named after her managed to humble themselves only about half the time. People were beginning to realize that there was something heroic about that epoch and, perhaps, to fear that the Victorian age was the last age of greatness for this country. 　　Now a new book, What The Victorians Did For Us, aims further to redress the balance and remind us that, in most essentials, our own age is really an extension of what the Victorians created. You can start with the list of Victorian inventions. They were great lovers of gadgets from the smallest domestic ones to new ways of propelling ships throughout the far-flung Empire. In medicine, anaesthesia allowed surgeons much greater time in which to operateand hence to work on the inner organs of the bodynot to mention reducing the level of pain and fear of patients. 　　To the Victorians we also owe lawn tennis, a nationwide football association under the modern rules, powered funfair rides, and theatres offering mass entertainment. And, of course, the modern seaside is almost entirely a Victorian invention. There is, of course, a darker side to the Victorian period. Everyone knows about it mostly because the Victorians catalogued it themselves. Henry Mayhews wonderful set of volumes on the lives of the London poor, and official reports on prostitution, on the workhouses and on child labourreports and their statistics that were used by Marx when he wrote Das Kapitaltestify to the social conscience that was at the center of Victorian values. 　　But now, surely, we can appreciate the Victorian achievement for what it wasthe creation of the modern world. And when we compare the age of Tennyson and Darwin, of John Henry Newman and Carlyle, with our own, the only sensible reaction is one of humility: We are our fathers shadows cast at noon. 　　1.According to the author, Lytton Stracheys book Eminent Victorians _____. 　　[A] accurately described the qualities of the people of the age 　　[B] superficially praised the heroic deeds of the Victorians 　　[C] was highly critical of the contemporary people and institutions 　　[D] was guilty of spreading prejudices against the Victorians 　　2. The change in the attidues towards the Vcitorians is revealed in the fact that _____. 　　[A] the 100th anniversary of the death of Queen Victoria is celebrated 　　[B] the media publicizes events or people about the Victorian age 　　[C] people begin to highly praise Victorian heroes 　　[D] a new book regards Victorians as creators of the modern world 　　3. What is the meaning of the word gadgets ? 　　[A] devices [B] tools [C] appliances [D] engines 　　4. According to the text, the Victorians invented _____. 　　[A] surgery [B] seaside holiday [C] funfair [D] mass entertainment 　　5. The author talks about the darker side of the Victorian period to _____. 　　[A] disclose the social injustices and evils 　　[B] give proof to Karl Marxs Das Kapital 　　[C] manifest the Victorians good sense of right and wrong 　　[D] show the ages strengths outweigh its weaknesses 　　答案:1.D 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.C 　　核心詞匯與超綱詞匯 　　damn sb./sth. with faint praise名褒實貶，用冷漠的贊揚貶低，如She damned Reynolds with faint praise, calling him one of the best imitators in the world. 　　demolition破壞，毀壞 　　sneer冷笑，譏笑，嘲笑 　　epoch新紀元，時代，時期 　　redress糾正，矯正;重新穿衣，重新調整 　　essential本質的，基本的;必不可少的;精華的基本必要的東西;本質，實質要素，要點 　　far-flung蔓延的，廣泛的，廣泛傳播的，遼闊的 　　anaesthesia感覺缺乏，麻木，麻醉;esthe詞根表示感覺，如esthetic感覺的 　　catalogue目錄;一連串事，如a ~ of disasters接二連三的災難列入目錄;記載，登記 　　testify作證;證實，證明;~ to sth.作為某事的證明，說明，如The film testifies to the courage of ordinary people during the war 　　humility謙卑[恭，遜]，[pl. ]謙讓的行為 　　全文翻譯 　　我們近代歷史上最愚蠢的事之一就是把Victorian作為鄙視和漫罵的名稱。而使這一說法得以流傳開來的是萊頓?斯傳策斯那本言辭巧妙但膚淺空洞的《維多利亞時代的俊杰》，在這本書中他諷刺了如戈登將軍和弗洛倫斯?南丁格爾這樣的維多利亞時代的英雄。斯傳策斯破壞性的工作是巧妙的，因為它嘲笑的正是維多利亞人引以自豪的品質：清高、特別的道德強度、想改善人類條件的愿望以及他們認為自己已經做到了的信心。 　　然而，即使是今年維多利亞女王逝世一百周年紀念日到來之前，人們已看到這種嘲笑的態度正在開始轉變。廣播和電視中只有半數有關維多利亞及以她的名字命名的時代的節目設法進行自我貶低。人們開始意識到那個時代有些英雄的意味，又或許是開始害怕維多利亞時代是這個國家最后一個偉大的時代。 　　現在的一本新書《維多利亞時代的人為我們作了什么?》旨在進一步恢復平衡并提醒我們：在大多數基本方面，我們自己的時代實際上是維多利亞時代創造的東西的延伸。可以從列舉維多利亞時代的發明開始。他們對設備十分癡迷小到家用設備，大到為遠航整個帝國的船只提供動力的新途徑。在醫學方面，麻醉法使外科大夫有更多的時間，從而可以對身體的內部器官進行手術，更不用說減少病人的疼痛和恐懼了。 　　也因為有了維多利亞人，我們才有了草地網球、在現代規則下的全國足球協會、露天游樂場的動力旋轉木馬和提供大眾娛樂的劇院。當然，現代海邊渡假幾乎完全就是維多利亞時代的發明。不過，維多利亞時期也有陰暗的一面。大家之所以都知道這一點，主要是因為維多利亞人自己已經將它記錄下來了。亨利?梅休描寫倫敦貧苦人生活的精彩卷集，官方有關賣淫、濟窮院和兒童勞工的報道都表明了社會良知是維多利亞價值觀的核心內容。 　　但是如今，我們應該感激維多利亞創造現代世界所取得的成就。當我們拿丁尼生、達爾文、約翰?亨利?紐曼和卡萊爾的時代與我們自己的時代相比較時，唯一明智的反應就是謙卑：我們只是父輩在正午投射的影子。

　　15復習正在如火如荼的進行中，考研專家建議可以按考研題型分別進行重點復習，是考研英語中分值最高的，在線小編特地整理了2023理解模擬試題供大家模擬練習，希望大家認真做題，錯題著重看解析及譯文，經過練習閱讀理解能力必能有所提高。 　　八、現代人對維多利亞時代的看法 　　One of the silliest things in our recent history was the use of Victorian as a term of contempt or abuse. It had been made fashionable by Lytton Strachey with his clever, superficial and ultimately empty book Eminent Victorians, in which he damned with faint praise such Victorian heroes as General Gordon and Florence Nightingale. Stracheys demolition job was clever because it ridiculed the Victorians for exactly those qualities on which they prided themselvestheir high mindedness, their marked moral intensity, their desire to improve the human condition and their confidence that they had done so. 　　Yet one saw, even before the 100th anniversary of the death of Queen Victoria this year, that there were signs these sneering attitudes were beginning to change. Programmes on radio and television about Victoria and the age that was named after her managed to humble themselves only about half the time. People were beginning to realize that there was something heroic about that epoch and, perhaps, to fear that the Victorian age was the last age of greatness for this country. 　　Now a new book, What The Victorians Did For Us, aims further to redress the balance and remind us that, in most essentials, our own age is really an extension of what the Victorians created. You can start with the list of Victorian inventions. They were great lovers of gadgets from the smallest domestic ones to new ways of propelling ships throughout the far-flung Empire. In medicine, anaesthesia allowed surgeons much greater time in which to operateand hence to work on the inner organs of the bodynot to mention reducing the level of pain and fear of patients. 　　To the Victorians we also owe lawn tennis, a nationwide football association under the modern rules, powered funfair rides, and theatres offering mass entertainment. And, of course, the modern seaside is almost entirely a Victorian invention. There is, of course, a darker side to the Victorian period. Everyone knows about it mostly because the Victorians catalogued it themselves. Henry Mayhews wonderful set of volumes on the lives of the London poor, and official reports on prostitution, on the workhouses and on child labourreports and their statistics that were used by Marx when he wrote Das Kapitaltestify to the social conscience that was at the center of Victorian values. 　　But now, surely, we can appreciate the Victorian achievement for what it wasthe creation of the modern world. And when we compare the age of Tennyson and Darwin, of John Henry Newman and Carlyle, with our own, the only sensible reaction is one of humility: We are our fathers shadows cast at noon. 　　1.According to the author, Lytton Stracheys book Eminent Victorians _____. 　　[A] accurately described the qualities of the people of the age 　　[B] superficially praised the heroic deeds of the Victorians 　　[C] was highly critical of the contemporary people and institutions 　　[D] was guilty of spreading prejudices against the Victorians 　　2. The change in the attidues towards the Vcitorians is revealed in the fact that _____. 　　[A] the 100th anniversary of the death of Queen Victoria is celebrated 　　[B] the media publicizes events or people about the Victorian age 　　[C] people begin to highly praise Victorian heroes 　　[D] a new book regards Victorians as creators of the modern world 　　3. What is the meaning of the word gadgets ? 　　[A] devices [B] tools [C] appliances [D] engines 　　4. According to the text, the Victorians invented _____. 　　[A] surgery [B] seaside holiday [C] funfair [D] mass entertainment 　　5. The author talks about the darker side of the Victorian period to _____. 　　[A] disclose the social injustices and evils 　　[B] give proof to Karl Marxs Das Kapital 　　[C] manifest the Victorians good sense of right and wrong 　　[D] show the ages strengths outweigh its weaknesses 　　答案:1.D 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.C 　　核心詞匯與超綱詞匯 　　damn sb./sth. with faint praise名褒實貶，用冷漠的贊揚貶低，如She damned Reynolds with faint praise, calling him one of the best imitators in the world. 　　demolition破壞，毀壞 　　sneer冷笑，譏笑，嘲笑 　　epoch新紀元，時代，時期 　　redress糾正，矯正;重新穿衣，重新調整 　　essential本質的，基本的;必不可少的;精華的基本必要的東西;本質，實質要素，要點 　　far-flung蔓延的，廣泛的，廣泛傳播的，遼闊的 　　anaesthesia感覺缺乏，麻木，麻醉;esthe詞根表示感覺，如esthetic感覺的 　　catalogue目錄;一連串事，如a ~ of disasters接二連三的災難列入目錄;記載，登記 　　testify作證;證實，證明;~ to sth.作為某事的證明，說明，如The film testifies to the courage of ordinary people during the war 　　humility謙卑[恭，遜]，[pl. ]謙讓的行為 　　全文翻譯 　　我們近代歷史上最愚蠢的事之一就是把Victorian作為鄙視和漫罵的名稱。而使這一說法得以流傳開來的是萊頓?斯傳策斯那本言辭巧妙但膚淺空洞的《維多利亞時代的俊杰》，在這本書中他諷刺了如戈登將軍和弗洛倫斯?南丁格爾這樣的維多利亞時代的英雄。斯傳策斯破壞性的工作是巧妙的，因為它嘲笑的正是維多利亞人引以自豪的品質：清高、特別的道德強度、想改善人類條件的愿望以及他們認為自己已經做到了的信心。 　　然而，即使是今年維多利亞女王逝世一百周年紀念日到來之前，人們已看到這種嘲笑的態度正在開始轉變。廣播和電視中只有半數有關維多利亞及以她的名字命名的時代的節目設法進行自我貶低。人們開始意識到那個時代有些英雄的意味，又或許是開始害怕維多利亞時代是這個國家最后一個偉大的時代。 　　現在的一本新書《維多利亞時代的人為我們作了什么?》旨在進一步恢復平衡并提醒我們：在大多數基本方面，我們自己的時代實際上是維多利亞時代創造的東西的延伸。可以從列舉維多利亞時代的發明開始。他們對設備十分癡迷小到家用設備，大到為遠航整個帝國的船只提供動力的新途徑。在醫學方面，麻醉法使外科大夫有更多的時間，從而可以對身體的內部器官進行手術，更不用說減少病人的疼痛和恐懼了。 　　也因為有了維多利亞人，我們才有了草地網球、在現代規則下的全國足球協會、露天游樂場的動力旋轉木馬和提供大眾娛樂的劇院。當然，現代海邊渡假幾乎完全就是維多利亞時代的發明。不過，維多利亞時期也有陰暗的一面。大家之所以都知道這一點，主要是因為維多利亞人自己已經將它記錄下來了。亨利?梅休描寫倫敦貧苦人生活的精彩卷集，官方有關賣淫、濟窮院和兒童勞工的報道都表明了社會良知是維多利亞價值觀的核心內容。 　　但是如今，我們應該感激維多利亞創造現代世界所取得的成就。當我們拿丁尼生、達爾文、約翰?亨利?紐曼和卡萊爾的時代與我們自己的時代相比較時，唯一明智的反應就是謙卑：我們只是父輩在正午投射的影子。