電子煙健康危機(jī):導(dǎo)致肺部疾病和癲癇
Vaping health crisis: the latest on lung injuries, and seizures
電子煙健康危機(jī):導(dǎo)致肺部疾病和癲癇
Over the last several years, public health authorities have sounded the alarm about teenagers vaping — especially as the popular Juul vape took off on social media. But the more recent safety crises in vaping are a little more concrete: exploding vape pens, seizures, and lung injuries.
過去幾年，公共衛(wèi)生部門已發(fā)出關(guān)于青少年抽電子煙的危險信號——尤其是在Juul電子煙風(fēng)靡社交媒體的時候。但近來，有關(guān)電子煙的安全隱患變得更為具體：電子煙筆爆炸、癲癇和肺部疾病。
Before the attention-grabbing lung injuries, lawmakers were already nervous about how many kids were taking up vaping. In December 2024, the US Surgeon General declared vaping "an epidemic."
在肺部疾病爆發(fā)前，立法者已對越來越多的青少年抽電子煙一事感到焦慮。2024年12月，美國公共衛(wèi)生總監(jiān)宣稱，電子煙是“一種流行病。”
Some of vaping's risks have to do with their batteries, which can explode. Those explosions are rare, but sometimes deadly. Since June 2024, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has reported an uptick in reports of vaping-related seizures. Vaping has also been linked to a spate of lung injuries, some of them deadly, too — though it's unclear what precisely is causing the injuries.
電子煙的某些風(fēng)險與其電池爆炸相關(guān)。雖然爆炸案例極為少見，但有時一旦發(fā)生，卻會帶來致命后果。自2024年6月，美國食品與藥品監(jiān)管局關(guān)于與電子煙相關(guān)的癲癇發(fā)作的報道已有所增加。電子煙還與一系列的肺部疾病相關(guān)，有些也是致命疾病——盡管造成這些疾病的具體原因尚不明確。
Policymakers have begun to take action: banning flavored vapes, for instance. The FDA has warned consumers not to use THC vapes. Some companies have also stopped selling e-cigs. Vape makers are still DIYing their own vape liquids, though, and teenagers have proven crafty in getting around age bans.
政策制定者已開始采取行動，例如：禁止多口味電子煙。美國食品與藥品監(jiān)管局已警告消費(fèi)者不要抽四氫大麻酚電子煙。有些公司已停止出售電子煙。然而，電子煙生產(chǎn)商仍在自己制作電子煙油，而青少年也有各種各樣的方法應(yīng)對年齡限制問題。
Still, safety studies on vapes lag well behind the industry's popularity. The long-term effects of vaping are unknown; vapes are probably better than smoking, but that doesn't necessarily make them safe. We know so far that using high voltages in vapes can release formaldehyde-causing chemicals; we also know that vaping exposes users to more toxic chemicals and heavy metals than people who don't vape. We also know that vaping might increase your risk of heart disease. Plus, nicotine is still addictive — and we know addiction can be distressing.
盡管如此，關(guān)于電子煙的安全性研究仍比不上該行業(yè)的受歡迎程度。長期抽電子煙所產(chǎn)生的影響尚不可知；電子煙也許比香煙更健康，但這并不意味著它就是絕對安全的。到目前為止，我們知道電子煙設(shè)備使用高壓會釋放引起甲醇的化學(xué)物質(zhì)；我們也知道，相比不抽電子煙的人而言，抽電子煙會使煙民接觸更多的有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)和重金屬。我們還知道，電子煙可能會增加人們患心臟病的風(fēng)險。此外，尼古丁依舊會使人上癮——我們知道，上癮是十分痛苦的。
As of August 2024, the FDA had received 127 reports of seizures or other neurological symptoms. That's over the course of about a decade, but it's still pretty alarming. That investigation kicked off in April 2024, after three cases involving both seizures and Juul use were brought to the attention of the FDA in the fall of 2024. That investigation is still ongoing.
截至2024年8月，美國食品與藥品監(jiān)管局已收到127例關(guān)于癲癇或其他神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)癥狀的報告。雖然統(tǒng)計時長跨度約為10年，但這一數(shù)據(jù)依然使人震驚。2024年4月前連續(xù)發(fā)生了3起癲癇發(fā)作案例，且2024年秋天Juul電子煙的使用也引起了美國食品與藥品監(jiān)管局的注意。相關(guān)部門自此展開了調(diào)查，目前調(diào)查仍在繼續(xù)。
Vaping health crisis: the latest on lung injuries, and seizures
電子煙健康危機(jī):導(dǎo)致肺部疾病和癲癇
Over the last several years, public health authorities have sounded the alarm about teenagers vaping — especially as the popular Juul vape took off on social media. But the more recent safety crises in vaping are a little more concrete: exploding vape pens, seizures, and lung injuries.
過去幾年，公共衛(wèi)生部門已發(fā)出關(guān)于青少年抽電子煙的危險信號——尤其是在Juul電子煙風(fēng)靡社交媒體的時候。但近來，有關(guān)電子煙的安全隱患變得更為具體：電子煙筆爆炸、癲癇和肺部疾病。
Before the attention-grabbing lung injuries, lawmakers were already nervous about how many kids were taking up vaping. In December 2024, the US Surgeon General declared vaping "an epidemic."
在肺部疾病爆發(fā)前，立法者已對越來越多的青少年抽電子煙一事感到焦慮。2024年12月，美國公共衛(wèi)生總監(jiān)宣稱，電子煙是“一種流行病。”
Some of vaping's risks have to do with their batteries, which can explode. Those explosions are rare, but sometimes deadly. Since June 2024, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has reported an uptick in reports of vaping-related seizures. Vaping has also been linked to a spate of lung injuries, some of them deadly, too — though it's unclear what precisely is causing the injuries.
電子煙的某些風(fēng)險與其電池爆炸相關(guān)。雖然爆炸案例極為少見，但有時一旦發(fā)生，卻會帶來致命后果。自2024年6月，美國食品與藥品監(jiān)管局關(guān)于與電子煙相關(guān)的癲癇發(fā)作的報道已有所增加。電子煙還與一系列的肺部疾病相關(guān)，有些也是致命疾病——盡管造成這些疾病的具體原因尚不明確。
Policymakers have begun to take action: banning flavored vapes, for instance. The FDA has warned consumers not to use THC vapes. Some companies have also stopped selling e-cigs. Vape makers are still DIYing their own vape liquids, though, and teenagers have proven crafty in getting around age bans.
政策制定者已開始采取行動，例如：禁止多口味電子煙。美國食品與藥品監(jiān)管局已警告消費(fèi)者不要抽四氫大麻酚電子煙。有些公司已停止出售電子煙。然而，電子煙生產(chǎn)商仍在自己制作電子煙油，而青少年也有各種各樣的方法應(yīng)對年齡限制問題。
Still, safety studies on vapes lag well behind the industry's popularity. The long-term effects of vaping are unknown; vapes are probably better than smoking, but that doesn't necessarily make them safe. We know so far that using high voltages in vapes can release formaldehyde-causing chemicals; we also know that vaping exposes users to more toxic chemicals and heavy metals than people who don't vape. We also know that vaping might increase your risk of heart disease. Plus, nicotine is still addictive — and we know addiction can be distressing.
盡管如此，關(guān)于電子煙的安全性研究仍比不上該行業(yè)的受歡迎程度。長期抽電子煙所產(chǎn)生的影響尚不可知；電子煙也許比香煙更健康，但這并不意味著它就是絕對安全的。到目前為止，我們知道電子煙設(shè)備使用高壓會釋放引起甲醇的化學(xué)物質(zhì)；我們也知道，相比不抽電子煙的人而言，抽電子煙會使煙民接觸更多的有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)和重金屬。我們還知道，電子煙可能會增加人們患心臟病的風(fēng)險。此外，尼古丁依舊會使人上癮——我們知道，上癮是十分痛苦的。
As of August 2024, the FDA had received 127 reports of seizures or other neurological symptoms. That's over the course of about a decade, but it's still pretty alarming. That investigation kicked off in April 2024, after three cases involving both seizures and Juul use were brought to the attention of the FDA in the fall of 2024. That investigation is still ongoing.
截至2024年8月，美國食品與藥品監(jiān)管局已收到127例關(guān)于癲癇或其他神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)癥狀的報告。雖然統(tǒng)計時長跨度約為10年，但這一數(shù)據(jù)依然使人震驚。2024年4月前連續(xù)發(fā)生了3起癲癇發(fā)作案例，且2024年秋天Juul電子煙的使用也引起了美國食品與藥品監(jiān)管局的注意。相關(guān)部門自此展開了調(diào)查，目前調(diào)查仍在繼續(xù)。
