課時作業(二十二)　必修4　Module 4　Great Scientists　

　　.單項填空

　　1．(2024·南京一模)—Do you think I should join the singing group，Mary?

　　—________If I were in your shoes，I certainly would.

　　A．None of your business. B．It depends.

　　C．Why not?

　　D．I don’t think so.

　　2．(2024·山東臨沂一模)In a way，________global warming is a challenge for man，so we must overcome it to build________fine world.

　　A．the；/

　　B．a；the

　　C．a；/

　　D．/；a

　　3．(2024·南通調研)Until we have discussed all the details，no decision________about any new operations.

　　A．will be made

　　B．is made

　　C．is being made

　　D．has been made

　　4．Large quantities of food________transported by volunteers to the disaster area a few days ago.

　　A．has

　　B．have

　　C．was

　　D．were

　　5．You may not agree，but my________opinion is that this programme is not suitable for children.

　　A．unique

　　B．optimistic

　　C．personal

　　D．generous

　　6．—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?

　　—The key________the problem is to meet the demand________by the customers.

　　A．to solving；making

　　B．to solving；made

　　C．to solve；making

　　D．to solve；made

　　7．We all know that hard working and plain living are fine________of our Chinese people.

　　A．qualities

　　B．manners

　　C．deeds

　　D．quantities

　　8．It’s impossible for all the people to get the job because ________ of them are not fit for it.

　　A．none

　　B．all

　　C．not all

　　D．every one

　　9．—That’s me when I graduated from college.See what I look like now.

　　—Why not take up exercise to improve your________？

　　A．look

　　B．form

　　C．shadow

　　D．figure

　　10．(2024·山東聊城一中月考)The driver，________the passengers，________responsible for the accident.

　　A．more than；are

　　B．rather than；is

　　C．other than；were

　　D．less than；was

　　11．Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside

　　the bed to keep himself________of his own dreams.

　　A．reminding

　　B．to remind

　　C．reminded

　　D．remind

　　12．(2024·唐山模擬)After the earthquake，the electricity supply failed，________the cooling system break down.

　　A．having made

　　B．making

　　C．made

　　D．to make

　　13．(2024·山東青島期末檢測) Eventually the roads________and the traffic began to flow again.

　　A．cleaned

　　B．removed

　　C．moved

　　D．cleared

　　14．(2024·山西高三考前適應性訓練)________the serious flood，two-thirds of the buildings in the area need to be repaired.

　　A．As a result of

　　B．On top of

　　C．In front of

　　D．In need of

　　15．Mendel was known ________a famous scientist________his contributions ________genetics.

　　A．for；as；to

　　B．as；to；in

　　C．for；with；in

　　D．as；for；to

　　.閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024·山西太原五校檢測)

　　There are many ways of defining success.It is accurate to say that each of us has our own ideas of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily.Because each of us possesses unique differences in

　　genetic

　　ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities，it is necessarily true that we must define success

　　broadly.

　　For some people，simply being able to live their life with

　　the least misery and suffering is considered a success.Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep，enjoys his simple life with his family in the beauty of nature，and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of him and accepted by his family and his society.On the other hand，it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions，many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own standards of success.Because not all ventures can be successful，one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success，but if one has self-cconfidence it would be unfortunate to set one’s goals at a too low level of achievement.

　　A wise man once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration (挫敗) with his own professional success，“You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling.Sometimes one can be very successful merely

　　by taking a walk in the park or riding the subway downtown.” The man added，“You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success

　　until

　　you

　　have

　　been

　　unsuccessful

　　at something you really like，and to which you have given your best effort.”

　　1．According to the first paragraph，what is implied as basics in achieving success?

　　A．Ability and goals.

　　B．Goals and determination.

　　C．Ability and environments.

　　D．Goals and environments.

　　2．Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because________.

　　A．their life is busy and miserable

　　B．they haven’t reached their own standards

　　C．they set their goals at a too low level

　　D．they are not rich in material possessions

　　3．From the last paragraph we can tell that________.

　　A．success means achieving great goals

　　B．success comes from setting great goals

　　C．success means efforts and favorites pay off

　　D．success has nothing to do with the distance of your travel

　　B

　　(2024·長沙二模)

　　Handling a wad of cash may be as good at killing pain than ibuprofen (布洛芬) or aspirin，a new study suggests.

　　Researchers at the University of Minnesota carried out a series of studies which showed those who counted money before taking part in an experiment where they were subjected to low levels of pain felt less discomfort than those who did not.

　　It’s thought that fondling notes and coins helps ward off pain by boosting feelings ofself-worth and self-sufficiency.

　　Previous studies have shown those with a greater sense of self-worth may be more likely to bear pain.Britain spends at least ￡500 million a year on over-the-counter painkilling pills and the figure is increasing every year.But scientists remain puzzled by why some people appear to feel pain more easily than others.In the latest study，a group of students were asked to count out a wad of cash consisting of 80 one-hundred dollar bills，or just 80 slips of blank paper.They had been told researchers were simply testing their dexterity (熟練) in handling the notes.

　　Each volunteer was then asked to dip their hands into a bowl of very hot water，to see how painful they found it and how long they could last.The results，published in a recent edition of the journal Psychological Science，showed those who had handled money reported less pain and lasted longer.The results support other studies highlighting how the brain can be tuned to fight off pain without the use of pills.

　　A University of Los Angeles team of scientists found just looking at a photograph of a loved one can also be a powerful form of pain relief.They recommended anyone visiting hospital for painful tests or examinations should bring a picture to help them cope.

　　And patients who have had major surgery，such as a knee or hip replacement，can halve the amount of painkilling medicine they need simply by stroking a pet，according to tests at Loyola University in Chicago.

　　4．Handling money can prevent pain because ________.

　　A．we are confident in our usefulness

　　B．we can afford the expenses of the treatment

　　C．we can do everything with the money

　　D．we can’t live without money

　　5．The phrase “over-the-counter painkilling pills” refer to pills________.

　　A．that can be obtained outside the drug store

　　B．that can be bought without a prescription

　　C．that are placed on the counter of the store

　　D．that are purchased with a written order from a doctor

　　6．Which of the following may least kill pain?

　　A．Counting out a wad of cashes.

　　B．Looking at the picture of a loved one.

　　C．Handling a group of blank paper.

　　D．Walking a pet.

　　7．What might be the most suitable title for the passage?

　　A．Money Makes Something Impossible Possible

　　B．Money Has a Magic Power in Treating Patients

　　C．Money Brings Comfort to Pain Suffers

　　D．Money Kills Pains Better than Aspirin

　　8．We can infer that the passage is________.

　　A．a research report on the role of money

　　B．a kind of medicine instructions

　　C．an introduction to a new medicine

　　D．a description of natural reaction to a medicine

　　詳解答案

　　課時作業(二十二)　

　　Ⅰ.單項填空

　　1．解析：　句意為：——瑪麗，你認為我應該去參加合唱團嗎？——為什么不呢？如果我是你的話，我肯定會參加的。根據If引導的虛擬條件句可知，空處應用“ Why not？”。

　　答案：　C

　　2．解析：　句意為：從某種意義上說，全球變暖是對人類的一個挑戰，因此為了建立一個美好的世界我們必須克服這種情況。第一個空global warming是慣用法，不加冠詞；而第二個空表泛指，要用不定冠詞a，表示“一個美好的世界”。

　　答案：　D

　　3．解析：　句意為：直到我們討論完所有的細節后，才能決定手術。until引導的時間狀語從句中現在完成時表示的是將來完成的動作，主句用一般將來時，所以答案為A。

　　答案：　A

　　4．解析：　“large quantities of＋不可數名詞”作主語，句子謂語動詞常用復數，且transport與food之間為動賓關系，句中有明確表示過去的時間狀語a few days ago，故選D項。

　　答案：　D

　　5．解析：　考查形容詞辨析。personal個人的，符合題意。句意為：你或許不同意，但是我個人認為這個節目對孩子來說不合適。unique獨特的；optimistic樂觀的；generous慷慨的。

　　答案：　C

　　6．解析：　考查介詞及過去分詞。句意為：——你怎么處理公司和顧客之間的分歧？——解決問題的關鍵是滿足顧客的要求。key后面的to為介詞，其后接動名詞；made by the customers作后置定語，修飾demand。

　　答案：　B

　　7．解析：　考查名詞辨析。quality品質。句意為：我們都知道艱苦樸素是我們中國人的優良品質。manner禮貌，舉止，方式；deed行動，事跡；quantities數量。

　　答案：　A

　　8．解析：　not 與 all 連用為部分否定，表示“并非所有的……都……”；D項中 every one 與 not 連用也可表示部分否定，但謂語動詞要用單數。

　　答案：　B

　　9．解析：　 考查名詞辨析。由take up exercise與that’s me when I graduated from college的對比，可知這個人現在身材不好了，figure身材，體形，符合句意。而look外表，form形式，shadow影子，均不合乎語境。

　　答案：　D

　　10．解析：　考查短語和主謂一致。句意為：在這次事故中，應承擔責任的是司機而不是乘客。more than多于，超過；rather than而不是；other than除了；less than少于。本句主語為The driver，故選B。

　　答案：　B

　　11．解析：　考查動詞和動詞短語。句意為：邁克爾在床邊掛了一張姚明的照片以便時刻使自己記得自己的夢想。keep＋賓語＋賓補(使……處于某種狀態)，后面的賓補可以是形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、現在分詞或過去分詞，過去分詞和賓語之間是邏輯上的動賓關系也就是被動關系，現在分詞和賓語之間是邏輯上的主動關系；remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事或提醒某人某事，由該結構可以看出，himself與remind之間為被動關系，故選C。

　　答案：　C

　　12．解析：　考查非謂語動詞。句意為：地震后，電力供應停止了，結果造成冷卻系統崩潰。making the cooling system break down在句中充當結果狀語。

　　答案：　B

　　13．解析：　考查動詞辨析。句意為：最后道路上的障礙清除了，交通又通暢了。clean打掃；remove除去；move移動；clear(煙霧等)消散，澄清(誤會)，清除障礙等。

　　答案：　D

　　14．解析：　考查詞義辨析。句意為：由于嚴重的洪水災害，這個地區三分之二的建筑物需要維修。as a result of由于……的結果，符合題意。on top of在……之外，另外；in front of在……前面；in need of需要。

　　答案：　A

　　15．解析：　句意為：Mendel作為一名著名科學家因其對遺傳學的貢獻而聞名。be known as作為……而聞名，be known for因……而聞名；be known to為……所知；contributions to對……的貢獻。根據句意可知D項正確。

　　答案：　D

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解

　　語篇解讀：　 在本篇文章中，作者從不同的角度定義了成功。

　　1．解析：　推理判斷題。由文章第一段的最后一句可知，因為我們每個人擁有的遺傳的能力和有利的環境不同，所以我們對成功的定義很寬泛。由此可以推斷，作者認為能力和環境是取得成功的基本條件。

　　答案：　C

　　2．解析：　細節理解題。文章第二段的倒數第二句指出，有的人已經很富有了卻認為自己不成功是因為他們是根據自己的目標判斷成功與否的。

　　答案：　B

　　3．解析：　推理判斷題。文章最后一句指出，在沒有盡全力做自己喜歡的事而失敗之前，失敗都不算是真正的失敗，由此可推知，C項正確。

　　答案：　C

　　語篇解讀：　本文是一篇科普類文章。研究發現，通過數錢、看自己喜歡的畫、養寵物等都可以減輕痛苦。

　　4．解析：　細節理解題。根據第三段“It’s thought that fondling notes and coins helps ward off pain by boosting feelings of self-worth and self-sufficiency.”可知，數錢可以帶來自我價值和自我滿足感，從而有助于止痛，故答案選A。

　　答案：　A

　　5．解析：　細節理解題。根據第一段“Handling a wad of cash may be as good at killing pain than ibuprofen (布洛芬) or aspirin...”可知，本文是將數錢和ibuprofen (布洛芬) or aspirin進行比較，over-the-counter painkilling pills就是指第一段中的ibuprofen (布洛芬) or aspirin，而這兩種藥可以直接在藥店買，不需要開處方，故答案選B。

　　答案：　B

　　6．解析：　細節理解題。根據第一段和最后兩段可知，通過數錢、看自己喜歡的畫、養寵物都可以減輕痛苦，只有C項在文中沒有涉及，故答案選C。