湖南長(zhǎng)沙市2024高考英語(yǔ)（二輪）閱讀理解訓(xùn)練（71）及答案

　　閱讀理解。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.

　　Born in September, 1897, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies' two daughters. Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Sévigné in Paris.

　　Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X-ray facilities(設(shè)備) to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.Irene continued the work by developing X-ray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgium. Her services were recognised in the form of a Military' Medal by the French government.

　　In 1918, Irene became her mother's assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taught him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later.

　　Like her mother, Irene combined family and career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity(輻射能). Irene Joliot-Curie died from leukemia on March 17, 1956.

　　本文是一篇人物介紹。介紹居里夫人大女兒Irene Curie的一生。

　　1．Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal?

　　A．Because she received a degree in mathematics.

　　B．Because she contributed to saving the wounded.

　　C．Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic.

　　D．Because she worked as a helper to her mother.

　　答案：B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知，第一次世界大戰(zhàn)開始后，Irene幫助母親救助傷員，法國(guó)政府以軍功章的形式表示對(duì)她的貢獻(xiàn)的認(rèn)可。所以選擇B項(xiàng)。

　　．Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederic Joliot?

　　A．At the Curie Institute. B．At the University of Paris.

　　C．At a military hospital.

　　D．At the College of Sévigné.

　　答案：A。推理判斷題。文章第四段說(shuō)：在1918年，Irene在居里夫人研究院成為母親的助手，1924年12月Frederic Joliot加入了該研究院，Irene教給他該項(xiàng)工作要求的技術(shù)，不久他們相愛(ài)了并于1926年結(jié)婚，由此可推斷出C項(xiàng)正確。

　　．When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born?

　　A．In 1932.

　　B．In 1927.

　　C．In 1897.

　　D．In

　　1926.

　　答案：A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第四段最后一句表明：他們第一個(gè)孩子于1927年出生，5年后(1932年)第二個(gè)孩子出生，所以A項(xiàng)正確。

　　．In which of the following aspects was Irene Cuire different from her mother?

　　A．Irene worked with radioactivity.B．Irene combined family and career.

　　C．Irene won the Nobel Prize once.

　　D．Irene died from leukemia.

　　答案：C。推理判斷題。縱觀全文可知，Irene在“與放射性物質(zhì)打交道/把家庭與事業(yè)相結(jié)合/死于leukemia”這三方面與母親相同，不同的是Irene獲得一次諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，母親兩次。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。The world has changed and being intelligent isn't normally equal to being a successful person. Look at the example of the blue whale：It has a huge brain，but it still doesn't know how to avoid whalers or use its large size and weight to deal with those who try to use their body for profit. Scientists hold an opinion that the blue whale just likes some highly intelligent people who fail to succeed. Those highly intelligent people can't succeed in life because they can't communicate well with the world around them.

　　Intelligence is a word in life that makes you think you are better than others. Intelligence can blind these very people from how others view them. These people also think that the route to power and success results purely from intelligence and they sometimes live in a fantasy world that they create by their supposed brain power.

　　This is a distance that develops whether or not they realize it and sometimes，a person can be disliked simply because of his or her intelligence. This distance is sometimes so far apart that it gets to the position where they can't listen to each other. One side thinks the other is stupid and the other thinks he/she is haughty(傲慢的)．And most of the time it is the intelligent people who lose themselves in this situation. They become unpopular with most of the people around them. This affects them in whatever they do and sooner or later they will lose their confidence.

　　It doesn't help that they get a culture shock—especially when they leave college and realize success and richness don't always and sometimes never come naturally with intelligence. While some might think this is a dramatic picture to paint，it is sometimes the end result of some people.

　　1．The example of “the blue whale” is used to show ______.

　　A．communication is more important than intelligence

　　B．human beings are always more intelligent than animals

　　C．humans should have the sense of protecting animals

　　D．the blue whale is the largest animal in the world

　　2．Those supposed intelligent people often believe that ______.

　　A．they should make their life the same with others

　　B．they should live in a better world than the others

　　C．they are sure to be successful because of their intelligence

　　D．other people's opinion should be seriously considered

　　3．What makes the intelligent people lose their confidence?

　　A．They often can't get higher positions though they are intelligent.

　　B．They become separated from other people and lose their support.

　　C．They can't persuade those stupid people to accept their ideas.　

　　D．They often can't make good use of their advantages.

　　．We can infer that the end result of the supposed intelligent people would be ______.

　　A．great achievements

　　B．more efforts

　　C．proper changes

　　D．failure in the future

　　—4、ACBD

　　2024高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解集訓(xùn)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　One of my neighbors used to have a beautiful tree in her front yard. Her dad had planted it for her when it was nothing more than a twig and several years later it started to shoot towards the sky with amazing speed. Soon it blessed her with cooling shade in the summer and glorious, golden leaves in the fall.

　　When the two-day snowstorm struck our town, heavy snow fell on the tree’s branches that were still full of leaves. The weight split that lovely tree down the middle. It was so sad seeing half of it laying on the ground after the storm. When I talked to my neighbor later, she said that the damage had been too much and that the entire tree would have to be cut down. Thankfully she had saved a few saplings(樹苗) from it that she hoped to replant in the future.

　　Still, it was a shock to drive by her house the other day and see nothing but a stump in her front yard. I missed that tree. I missed its beauty, its leaves shinning in the afternoon sun. I missed seeing its limbs reach towards the heavens. I thought that the stump would be a sad reminder of its loss for a long time to come. My wonderful neighbor, though, had another plan. When I drove by her home today I saw a tiny bird feeder sitting on that stump and a colorful songbird having its dinner. It was such an affirmation of life. It was such a joy to see. I could feel my heart smile.

　　Life by its very nature is a mixed bag. It hands us both beauty and tragedy, love and loss, pleasure and pain. What we do with it, however, is up to us. We can let it split us in two, or we can use even its hardest times to make our souls stronger and our hearts more loving. We can spend it complaining or we can use it to help others.

　　1. We know from the first paragraph that _____．

　　A. the tree grew very slowly.

　　B. the tree showed its beauty and benefits.

　　C. the author’s neighbor was good at planting trees.

　　D. the tree was so strong that it could bear any weight.

　　2. The author’s neighbor left a stump in her front yard to use it as_____.

　　A. a good reminder.

　　B. a seat after dinner.

　　C. a place to feed birds.

　　D. a beautiful sculpture.

　　3. What does the author mainly want to show in the passage?

　　A. Life has beauty and tragedy.

　　B. Life consists of pain and suffering.

　　C. Life should be pleasant rather than painful.

　　D. Life is determined by our attitude towards it.

　　參考答案1—3、BCD

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。We've all heard the old saying，“Sticks and stones can break my bones，but words can never hurt me.” Don't you believe it？Words are powerful，and they can hurt—a lot. In fact，if you're not careful，you can even hurt yourself，by using the wrong word in your writing.

　　Recently a friend sent me a copy of an e-mail she received from the customer service department of her credit card company，after she contacted them with a question about her account. She was happy with their positive response. But as I read the e-mail，one line jumped out at me：“In lieu of good customer service...”

　　Did they really mean they were offering her a few extra reward points instead of good customer service？I doubt it. More likely，what the customer service department meant to say was，“Because good customer service is important to us...” followed by the details of what they were doing to make sure she remained a happy customer.

　　So why didn't the writer say that？I can only guess that perhaps the writer liked the phrase “in lieu of”，thought it sounded more interesting than saying “because”，and so used it—without bothering to check the true meaning.

　　Have you ever done that？Try to impress others with a big word，only to find out you've used the word incorrectly？It's just the opposite effect，isn't it？You may impress people all right，but it's not the impression you were going for.

　　When you write，remember to choose your words carefully. People may still disagree with what you say，but they won't be able to dismiss you because you made careless mistakes in how you said it.

　　1．What's the writer's purpose in giving the saying?

　　A．To amuse the reader.

　　B．To persuade the reader.

　　C．To support a conclusion.

　　D．To lead to the topic.

　　．It can be inferred that the writer's friend ______.

　　A．was the manager of the customer service department

　　B．was the customer of the credit card company

　　C．emailed a company to complain

　　D．used a phrase incorrectly

　　．What does the phrase “in lieu of” most probably mean?

　　A．Because of.

　　B．In honour of.

　　C．Instead of.

　　D．In favour of.

　　．According to the writer，the customer service department ______.

　　A．didn't express what they really meant

　　B．didn't prefer to use familiar words to attract customers

　　C．didn't need to offer their customers extra reward points

　　D．succeeded in impressing their customers

　　參考答案1—4、DBCA

　　閱讀理解。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance.It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected.When alcohol is consumed，it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depresant (抑制藥)，damaging eyesight，judgement and co-ordination (協(xié)調(diào))，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.Even below the drink driving limit，driving will be affected.

　　Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice.To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.

　　The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is：

　　●50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of blood；or

　　●22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath；or

　　●67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of uriue (尿液)．

　　Drivers who cause traffic accidents，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested.

　　Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK $25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 driving-offence points；or temporarily banned from driving.

　　The same punishment applies to failing to provide speeimens(樣本) for breath，blood or urine tests without good excuse.

　　Drink driving is a criminal offence.Be a responsible driver，think before you drink. For the safety of yourself and other road users，never drive after consuming alcohol.

　　本文主要講述酒后駕車的危害，對(duì)酒駕的懲罰等，呼吁人們?yōu)榱俗陨砗退说慕】担欢ú灰坪篑{車。

　　1．The first paragraph is mainly about______.

　　A．the introductions of driving skills B．the damage of drinking to your body

　　C．the effect of drinking on drivingD．the process of alcohol being absorbed

　　答案：C。主旨大意題。由第一段的“it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant，damaging eyesight，judgement and co-ordination，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.”可知，本段主要講述酒后駕車的影響，故C項(xiàng)正確。

　　2．The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “______”．

　　A．a(chǎn)lcohol

　　B．a(chǎn)bsorption

　　C．blood

　　D．process

　　答案：D。詞義猜測(cè)題。由前半句“To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process”，可知，后半句表示“采取像淋浴或者是喝杯茶，咖啡等的措施來(lái)加速這個(gè)過(guò)程是不可能的”故it指代process，D項(xiàng)正確。

　　3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．Drinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving.

　　B．Alcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice.

　　C．Having a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.

　　D．50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink driving limit.

　　答案：B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice”可知B項(xiàng)正確。

　　4．A driver suspected of drink driving______.