Unit5　First aid

　　1、aid n. & v.

　　根據語境猜詞義

　　(1) The local community aided us in our investigation.

　　(2) He should be able to read this without the aid of a dictionary.

　　(3) A video is a useful aid in the classroom.

　　根據語義找匹配：A. 幫助，救助，支援 (v.) B. 幫助，救助，援助 (n. ) C. 有輔助作用的事物 (n. )

　　(1) A　(2) B　(3) C

　　aid sb. to do sth. 幫助某人做某事

　　aid sb. in / with…… 在某方面幫助某人

　　give / offer /

　　carry out first aid 進行急救

　　go / come to one's aid 援助某人

　　with the aid of sb. ＝with one's aid 在某人的幫助下

　　in aid of 為幫助……

　　first aid 急救

　　aid / help / assist

　　aid 正式用詞，指幫助他人脫離危險或戰勝困難，著重強者對急需幫助的弱者的幫助。

　　assist 強調在提供幫助時，以受助者為主，所給的幫助起第二位或從屬的作用。

　　help 最普通用詞，含義廣泛。指一般性的或迫切需要的幫助，側重積極地為他人提供物質、精神或其他方面的幫助。

　　用 assist / help / aid的適當形式填空

　　(1)Can you do the job alone, or do you want someone to assist / help / aid you?

　　(2)She helped him choose some new clothes.

　　(3)An old-fashioned kind of hearing aid was called an ear trumpet.

　　(4)Poole walked painfully, with the aid / help of a stick.

　　(5)Winston got a job as assistant manager at Wal-Mart.

　　(6)It helped a lot to know that someone understood how I felt.

　　(7)Some of the guests assisted / helped / aided with the preparation of the food.

　　2、bleed v.

　　根據語境猜詞義

　　(1) He was bled for every penny he had.

　　(2) Doctors used to bleed people when they were ill.

　　(3) He was slowly bleeding to death.

　　(4) We'll never forget those who bled for the revolution.

　　(5) My heart bleeds for those poor unhappy children.

　　(6)

　　Wash it in cold water so the colors don't bleed.

　　根據語義找匹配

　　A. 出血，流血了　B. 為國家、正義等流血、犧牲　C. (對人)勒索、敲詐錢財　D. 為……感到難過　E. (顏色)滲開　F. 抽取釋放(空氣或液體)

　　(1) C　(2) F　(3) A　(4) B　(5) D

　　(6) E

　　bleed for… (為事業、祖國)負傷或犧牲；難過

　　bleed sb. (for sth.) 向某人勒索(錢財等)

　　bleed to death 流血過多而死

　　blood n.

　　血，血液

　　bloody adj. 血染的，出血的

　　運用bleed的適當形式或相關短語填空

　　I noticed a boy whose nose was (1) bleeding and the (2) blood had made his clothes(3) bloody. “What's wrong with your nose？” I asked worriedly. He told me that he was (4) bled for money but he was penniless and got beaten. My heart (5) bled for the poor child and took him to the nearest hospital.

　　3、variety n.

　　根據語境猜詞義

　　(1) People like to live a life full of variety.

　　(2) He has a_variety of interests.

　　(3) Hospitals deal with diseases of every variety.

　　根據語義找匹配：

　　A. 種種　B. 多樣化，變化　C. 種類

　　(1) B　(2) A　(3) C

　　a variety of / varieties of 各種各樣的；種種的

　　a wide variety of 各種各樣的

　　a kind of 一種……

　　all kinds of 各種各樣的…… the variety of ……的種類

　　vary from… 和……不同

　　vary in… 在……方面不同

　　vary with… 隨著……變化

　　various adj. 各種各樣的

　　vary v. 不同

　　運用various的適當形式或相關短語填空

　　In the past, (1) the variety of vegetables (2) varied with the season. However, we can buy (3) various vegetables in the market these days. Although they widely (4) vary in price and quality, all customers can find (5) a variety of vegetables they like because personal taste (6) varies from one to another.

　　4、vital adj.

　　根據語境猜詞義

　　(1)He committed a vital error.

　　(2)The questions put forward at the meeting are of vital importance.

　　(3)His vital attitude makes us happy.

　　(4)Growth and decay are vital processes.

　　根據語義找匹配

　　A. 生命的；維持生命所必需的

　　B. 極其重要的，不可缺少的

　　C. 生動活潑的，充滿朝氣的

　　D. 致命的，有關生死的

　　(1) D　(2) B　(3) C　(4) A

　　be vital to / for…對……極為重要

　　It's vital to do sth. 做某事極其重要

　　It‘s vital that… ……至關重要

　　(should＋動詞原形，should可省略)

　　vitality n.

　　生命力，活力，熱情

　　vitally adv. 極其，絕對

　　單項填空

　　()It's vital ______ at least a foreign language at college.

　　A. that you will master

　　B. you master

　　C. for you master

　　D. to master

　　5、pour v.

　　根據語境猜詞義

　　(1)She poured herself another cup of tea.

　　(2)They have poured money into the tourist industry.

　　(3)Tears were pouring down her face.

　　(4)The thunder and lightning stopped，but it continued to pour.

　　(5)She often pours her troubles to friends.

　　根據語義找匹配：A. 倒，灌，注　B. 傾注；大量投入；大量生產　C. 傾吐，訴說　D. 傾瀉，涌流　E. (雨)傾盆而降

　　(1) A　(2) B　(3) D　(4) E　(5) C

　　pour…into 朝……里面倒……

　　pour sb. water / wine 給某人倒水 /

　　酒

　　pour (down) 雨水如注，傾盆大雨

　　pour into / out of 涌進 /

　　涌出

　　pour cold water on sth. 給……潑冷水

　　運用pour的適當形式填空

　　I was (1) pouring out of the train together with other passengers, but it was (2) pouring cats and dogs outside. Seeing so many people (3) pouring into the waiting hall, I felt this really (4) poured cold water on my plan to attend my teacher's birthday party on time.

　　6、treat v.

　　根據語境猜詞義

　　(1) We'll treat you to dinner.

　　(2) Do not treat this serious matter as a joke.

　　(3) The book treats some political problems.

　　(4) The doctors were not able to treat this disease.

　　(5) This substance must be treated with acid.

　　根據語義找匹配：A. 對待；看待，把……看作　B. 處理；為……涂上保護層　C. 探討；論述　D. 醫療，治療　E. 款待，請(客)　F. 請客　G. 難得的樂事

　　(1) E　(2) A　(3) C　(4) D　(5) B

　　treat/think of/regard/look on/consider/view…as…

　　把……當作……看

　　treat…with… 用……來處理……

　　treat with sb. 與某人談判， 與某人交涉， 與某人交易

　　treat sb. to sth. 請某人某物

　　treat of 論述，處理

　　treat oneself to sth. 破費，舍得

　　treat sb. white [美]正直、誠懇地對待某人

　　Dutch treat 各人自己付錢的聚餐

　　It is a great treat for sb. to do sth.

　　做某事對某人而言是一大樂事

　　treatment n.

　　對待；待遇； 處理；論述； 治療， 療法

　　完成句子

　　(1)She treat me as / like one of her family.

　　她把我當家人來看待。

　　(2)The prisoners were all well treated by their guards.

　　囚犯受到衛兵很好地對待。

　　(3)She treated each of the children to an ice cream.

　　她請每個孩子吃了一個冰激凌。

　　(4)The cut is no longer bleeding and is starting to heal.

　　傷口已不流血，漸漸愈合了。

　　(5) The doctors have not found out the cure for the AIDS.

　　目前仍沒有治愈艾滋病的良藥。

　　7、apply v.

　　根據語境猜詞義

　　(1)The nurse applied the ointment to the wound.

　　(2)We should apply both theories in the language classroom.

　　(3)This rule can not be applied to every case.

　　(4)He applied himself to learning French.

　　(5)He has applied for a post in England.

　　根據語義找匹配：A. 應用；實施　B. 申請，請求　C. 涂，敷；將……鋪在表面　D. 使起作用；使適用　E. 使致力(于)，使專心從事

　　(1) C　(2) A　(3) D　(4) E　(5) B

　　apply to 應用

　　apply for 申請

　　apply oneself to… 勤奮，專心于……

　　application n.

　　申請，申請書，應用

　　applied adj. 應用的，實用的

　　applicant n.

　　申請者，投保人

　　用apply的適當形式填空

　　In order to further my study abroad, I have (1) applied four universities for postgraduate study. I believe if I (2) apply myself， I can make it. As the saying goes, where there is a will, there is a way. I hope it can (3) apply to me.

　　8、pressure n.

　　根據語境猜詞義

　　(1) He works well under pressure.

　　(2)These old people are unaccustomed to the pressure of modern life.

　　(3)The small box was flattened by the pressure_of the heavy book on it.

　　根據語義找匹配

　　A. 壓；按；擠；榨　B. 壓力；壓迫；緊迫；催促　C. 困擾；艱難

　　(1) B　(2) C　(3) A

　　under the pressure of 在……的壓力下，為……所逼

　　be / come under pressure 受到壓力，在壓力之下

　　put pressure on sb. 對……施加壓力

　　8、pressure n.

　　press n.

　　報刊；資訊界；記者們；通訊社； 資訊輿論；報刊評論 v. 按，壓，擠； 熨平(衣服); 催促；催逼；強迫；(極力)勸說

　　單項填空

　　()Life is tough. In order to lose their __________， some people drink alcohol.

　　A. temper

　　B. mood

　　C. consciousness

　　D. pressure

　　D　生活很不容易。許多人為了緩解壓力而喝酒。 lose pressure緩解壓力。lose one's temper發脾氣；mood心境；情緒； consciousness意識。

　　9、fall ill

　　生病

　　根據語境感悟其用法

　　(1)She had to stay home because her son fell_ill.

　　(2)He had the misfortune to fall_ill on the day of the examination.

　　fall ill/sick 病了

　　fall asleep 入睡

　　fall silent 沉默

　　fall lame 變瘸了

　　fall off 跌落

　　fall behind 落后

　　fall down 掉下；倒塌

　　fall over 跌倒；翻倒；落到……上

　　fall off 脫落；減少；從……掉下

　　fall in love with… 愛上……

　　fall into the habit of… 養成……的習慣

　　fall from a tree 從樹上掉下

　　fall ill / be ill

　　fall ill 表示一種動作，生病，而be ill 表示一種生病的狀態，可以和延續的時間狀語連用。類似的用法還有：fall in love / be in love；get married / be married。

　　用fall的短語填空

　　(1)

　　He fell ill because of the bad news.

　　因為這個壞消息他病倒了。

　　(2) The boy fell off the wall and hurt his right leg.

　　那個孩子從墻上掉下來傷著了右腿。

　　(3) He didn't want to fall behind others in his studies.

　　他不想在學習上落后于別人。

　　10、over and over again 反復；再三

　　根據語境感悟其用法

　　(1)I've told you over_and_over_again,_don't play soccer near the windows.

　　(2)The only way to learn the lines is to say it to yourself over_and_over_again.

　　over again 再次；重新

　　over and over 一再地；反復地

　　again and again 反復地；再三

　　once again 再次

　　time and again 多次；一再地

　　time after time 多次；不斷地

　　time and time again 一次次地

　　now and again＝(every) now and then 時而；有時；不時

　　翻譯句子

　　因為他不懂，所以我必須反復說許多遍。

　　He didn't understand, so I had to say it over and over again.

　　11、in place

　　根據語境猜詞義

　　(1) I'm afraid your proposal is not quite in_place.

　　(2) When you've finished, please put the book back in_place on the shelf.

　　根據語義找匹配

　　A. 在平常的或應在的地方　B. 合適的

　　(1) B　(2) A

　　out of place 不在平常的或應在的位置；不合適

　　in place of sb. / sth. ；in one's / sth.'s place；take the place of 代替某人 / 物

　　in the first / second place 首先 / 其次

　　in my / your place 處于我的 / 你的處境 / 情況

　　be in/out of order 有條理/無條理；壞了

　　be in/out of control 正常/失控

　　be in/out of danger 有危險/脫離危險

　　give place to 為……取代；讓位于

　　運用place的適當短語填空

　　(1) You can use wood in place of coal.

　　你可以用木柴代替煤。

　　(2) Cotton is taking the place of silk.

　　棉花要取代絲綢。

　　(3) Your proposal is quite in place.

　　你的提議很恰當。

　　(4) Cars were out of place after the flood.

　　洪水過后，汽車被沖得亂七八糟。

　　12、make a difference有影響，起(重要)作用

　　根據語境感悟其用法

　　(1)The rain didn't make_much_difference to the game.

　　(2)Your age shouldn't make_any_difference to whether you get the job or not.

　　(3)Changing schools made_a_big_difference to my life.

　　(4)What difference will it make if he knows or not?

　　make a /

　　no /

　　some difference (to / in )(sb. / sth.)

　　(對某人 / 物)有 / 沒有 / 有些作用、關系、影響

　　make all the difference to sb. / sth.

　　對某人 / 物關系重大；大不相同

　　A and B differ from each other　A 和B有區別

　　A differs from B　A不同于B

　　differ with sb. (about / on / over sth. ) 和某人在某事上有不同意見