雅思閱讀:把握重點信息的技巧
1.When a paragraph starts with detail information
當段落以細節信息開頭時，即首句出現細節性時間、地點、事件等概念時，作者通常是要以細節信息來說明一個問題、觀點、或者引出一個判斷。所以該段落的重點信息往往會在段落的末尾出現。
在閱讀一個段落時，如果發現首句中出現了和文章標題中的概念相比非常細分的時間、地點和事件等詞匯時，可以略過細節，直奔尾句尋找該段落的主題。下面以幾個例子來說明。
例1：On 2nd August 1999, a particularly hot day in the town of Cirencester in the UK, a large pane of toughened glass in the roof of a shopping centre at Bishops Walk shattered without warning and fell from its frame. When fragments were analysed by experts at the giant glass manufacturer Pilkington. which had made the pane, they found that minute crystals of nickel sulphide trapped inside the glass had almost certainly caused the failure.
以上例子中，下劃線的語匯是細節信息的標記詞，和文章標題 The problem with toughened glass 相比是很細節化的。段落尾句中的黑體字是該段落的核心，是作者通過一個具體的事件引出的主題。
雅思考題經常圍繞重點信息而出。就該段重點信息而出的考題是T/F/NG判斷題：
24、Little doubt was expressed about the reason for the Bishops Walk accident. Little doubt 對應almost certainly
例2：Other doom-laden estimates suggest that, while tropical areas will become drier and uninhabitable, coastal regions and some low-lying islands willl in all probability be submerged by the sea as the polar ice caps melt. Popular exotic destinations now visited by countless tourists will become no-go areas. Todays holiday hotspots---too hot to live in or cisit. With the current erratic behaviour of the weather, it is difficult not to subscribe to such despair.
這個例子中的下劃線部分和文章標題Adams wine相比較，是一些細節性的地點等概念。而文章最后一句話是針對細節的總結和判斷。
所以我們在閱讀是可以規避許多細節中的生詞和復雜的句子結構，從而節省時間，迅速為該段落匹配到正確的標題：A pessimistic view of the future.
例3：In 2002, many parts of Europe suffered severe flood damage running into billions of euros. Properties across the continent collapsed into the sea as waves pounded the coastline wreaking havoc with sea defences. But it was not just the seas. Rivers swollen by heavy rains and by the effects of deforestation carried large volumes of water that wrecked many communities.
上面段落的正確標題是Rivers and seas cause damage。大家不妨可以從該段中體會一下迅速把握重點信息的技巧。
2.Distinguish between general and specific informaton
段落中的概括性信息經常是一般的, 普通的, 綜合的, 概括的, 全面的, 大體上的的歸納和總結。段落中的細節性信息是對概括性原則、規律、判斷及陳述的展開和細化，表現為舉例、分類、階段性描述或者舉證。所以，概括性信息通常是重點信息。
1.When a paragraph starts with detail information
當段落以細節信息開頭時，即首句出現細節性時間、地點、事件等概念時，作者通常是要以細節信息來說明一個問題、觀點、或者引出一個判斷。所以該段落的重點信息往往會在段落的末尾出現。
在閱讀一個段落時，如果發現首句中出現了和文章標題中的概念相比非常細分的時間、地點和事件等詞匯時，可以略過細節，直奔尾句尋找該段落的主題。下面以幾個例子來說明。
例1：On 2nd August 1999, a particularly hot day in the town of Cirencester in the UK, a large pane of toughened glass in the roof of a shopping centre at Bishops Walk shattered without warning and fell from its frame. When fragments were analysed by experts at the giant glass manufacturer Pilkington. which had made the pane, they found that minute crystals of nickel sulphide trapped inside the glass had almost certainly caused the failure.
以上例子中，下劃線的語匯是細節信息的標記詞，和文章標題 The problem with toughened glass 相比是很細節化的。段落尾句中的黑體字是該段落的核心，是作者通過一個具體的事件引出的主題。
雅思考題經常圍繞重點信息而出。就該段重點信息而出的考題是T/F/NG判斷題：
24、Little doubt was expressed about the reason for the Bishops Walk accident. Little doubt 對應almost certainly
例2：Other doom-laden estimates suggest that, while tropical areas will become drier and uninhabitable, coastal regions and some low-lying islands willl in all probability be submerged by the sea as the polar ice caps melt. Popular exotic destinations now visited by countless tourists will become no-go areas. Todays holiday hotspots---too hot to live in or cisit. With the current erratic behaviour of the weather, it is difficult not to subscribe to such despair.
這個例子中的下劃線部分和文章標題Adams wine相比較，是一些細節性的地點等概念。而文章最后一句話是針對細節的總結和判斷。
所以我們在閱讀是可以規避許多細節中的生詞和復雜的句子結構，從而節省時間，迅速為該段落匹配到正確的標題：A pessimistic view of the future.
例3：In 2002, many parts of Europe suffered severe flood damage running into billions of euros. Properties across the continent collapsed into the sea as waves pounded the coastline wreaking havoc with sea defences. But it was not just the seas. Rivers swollen by heavy rains and by the effects of deforestation carried large volumes of water that wrecked many communities.
上面段落的正確標題是Rivers and seas cause damage。大家不妨可以從該段中體會一下迅速把握重點信息的技巧。
2.Distinguish between general and specific informaton
段落中的概括性信息經常是一般的, 普通的, 綜合的, 概括的, 全面的, 大體上的的歸納和總結。段落中的細節性信息是對概括性原則、規律、判斷及陳述的展開和細化，表現為舉例、分類、階段性描述或者舉證。所以，概括性信息通常是重點信息。
